A study has been published in a solar energy journal, presenting a novel control strategy for bidirectional Buck-Boost converters in energy storage systems, aimed at managing rapid power flow changes caused by fluctuations in renewable energy output.

The proposed strategy, designated as ADRC+MPC, integrates Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) with Model Predictive Control (MPC). In this dual-loop approach, the MPC algorithm is employed for the inner current loop. This eliminates the need for complex parameter tuning and significantly enhances the system's dynamic response speed. The outer voltage loop utilizes an ADRC strategy, which simplifies the control object through high-frequency order reduction, thereby lowering the overall complexity of the ADRC controller.

Simulation and prototype experiment results demonstrate strong performance. When the inductor current reference or output voltage reference undergoes a sudden change, the system can adjust to the new setpoint within 0.2 milliseconds and 30 milliseconds, respectively. Furthermore, in the event of abrupt load or supply voltage variations, the system is capable of restoring stability within 20 milliseconds. The experimental findings confirm that the ADRC+MPC control method outperforms the conventional PI+MPC strategy, exhibiting superior characteristics such as faster response times, reduced overshoot, and smaller fluctuation amplitudes.